FTC Director of Bureau of Consumer Protection Reminds Consumers that the FTC Means Business When it Comes to Civil Investigative Demands (CIDs)

On March 10, 2025, the Director of the Federal Trade Commission’s Bureau of Consumer Protection published a blog entry on the FTC’s website entitled “Did your business receive a CID? The FTC means business.”

“When businesses know the rules of the road, they can confidently invest in new ventures, technologies, and products. Under my leadership, the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection (BCP) is committed to providing legal clarity to legitimate businesses that wish to deal honestly with their customers and comply with the law,” states Christopher G. Mufarrige, FTC CID lawyer and Director of BCP.

“By offering clear and consistent rules of the road, legitimate businesses can comply with confidence,” the Director states. Businesses that do not comply “should know that the FTC’s robust anti-fraud program is going strong.”

The FTC Bureau of Consumer Protection will use all the tools at its disposal, such as civil investigative demands (CIDs) or, in certain contexts, subpoenas, to seek critical information to investigate and prosecute illegal practices.

If you or your business receive(s) such a demand for information, you should contact an experienced FTC CID lawyer in order to set the matter up for optimal resolution right from the start.

What is a CID?

Section 20 of the FTC Act gives FTC attorneys authority to issue CIDs to investigate potentially unfair or deceptive acts or practices. CIDs are a form of compulsory process—like a subpoena—that the FTC can use to seek documents, testimony, tangible things, reports, or answers to questions.

The FTC uses its CID authority and requests to target the specific information it needs “without unnecessarily burdening businesses and individuals.”

Who receives CIDs?

The FTC uses CIDs in a few contexts.

First, the agency uses “CIDs to seek information from people or businesses we think may have violated the law.” However, the fact you received a CID does not necessarily mean you are the target of an investigation.

The FTC also sends CIDs to people and businesses that may have information related to the subject of an ongoing investigation. If you get a CID, “it will clearly identify the subject matter of the investigation and any laws or rules we think may have been violated.”

Is a response mandatory?

CIDs are legally enforceable demands.

“If you get one, you must respond completely, on the specified schedule, unless you reach an alternative agreement with BCP staff. If you think you may need more time or have another concern, you must reach out to start that discussion as soon as possible.”

Consistent with the FTC’s Rules of Practice, BCP staff may work with CID recipients to narrow requests, or sequence responses in a way that makes sense for the agency’s and business’s schedules, if appropriate to the situation. But this is not an opportunity for unnecessary delay. “And any discussion must happen well in advance of your deadline to respond.”

Timing of responses.

“If you receive a CID, there are two deadlines you should note right away. First, find the deadline for response, which will be printed clearly on the CID form. Then, check the detailed request for a deadline to contact and meet with FTC staff.”

Although it can be waived, the FTC’s Rules of Practice generally require such a meeting relatively quickly after receiving a CID. That meeting is your opportunity identify any issues, problems, or concerns that might affect your ability to comply.

Are there consequences for noncompliance?

Do not ignore or refuse to comply with a CID.

If you do not respond or cooperate, you are “impeding our law enforcement efforts, and we will likely seek judicial enforcement of the Commission’s process.”

So, what’s the bottom line?

“We want to work cooperatively with CID recipients to get the information we need with minimal impacts on legitimate businesses and without the need for judicial intervention. But preventing harm to consumers is our priority and we intend to move our cases in a timely manner. The more responsive and forthcoming you are, the better the process works for everyone.”